Dutch Revolt Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Dutch Revolt - Essay Example In Middle Ages there were tree free dukedoms: Gelderland and Brabant, regions of Holland, Zeeland and Flanders, and episcopacy of Utrecht. In 1370 so as to secure own advantages the urban areas of Holland, Zeeland and Utrecht just as the episcopacy of Utrecht set up exchanging political Hanseatic League. It did practically speaking the intermediation between West, North and East Europe and had an exchanging authority Northern Europe. In the XV century there was a start of state principle political organizations arrangement. The protoplast of future parliament - The States-General - was encircled in 1463. Since 1482 the domain of Nederland was a piece of Habsburg's domain, and since 1556 a piece of Spanish Habsburg's domain. During the hours of Charles V regiment (1500 - 1558), there was finished the procedure of reconciliation with contemporary Belgium and Luxemburg and later on framed the one and unified province of Hole Roman Empire. In this timeframe the expression Dutch Republic appeared. In monetarily created locales there were flowed fiscal lease and various types of transient rent; there were framed the request for ranchers who accomplish for on the enterprising premise. There was framing the bourgeoisie and was sprouting low class. The working class (from Latin proles, posterity) is a term used to distinguish a lower social class; an individual from such a class is common. Initially it was distinguished as those individuals who had no riches other than their children; the term was at first utilized from an injurious perspective, until Karl Marx utilized it as a sociological term to allude to the working class2.Notwithstanding Spanish specialists were continually attempting to suspend the advancement of Netherlands. There was investigation placed vigorously, all individuals that were sleeping smell with it were put to torment. In this season of otherworldly persecution and political compulsion in Netherlands the new religion tenet of Calvinism, that is an arrangeme nt of Christian religious philosophy and a way to deal with Christian life and thought inside the Protestant convention enunciated by John Calvin, a Protestant Reformer in the sixteenth century, and along these lines by replacements, partners, devotees and admirers of Calvin, his understanding of Scripture, and point of view on Christian life and theology3. Calvinism got its expansive spread and restricted itself to philosophical arrangement of Catholicism.Impassioned and filled inside with strict dissent the number of inhabitants in Netherlands energized heathen development pulverizing symbols, sculptures of Saints and different issues of religion clique. . Consigned Spanish vindicatory armed force began the severest fear. At last it blazed up the across the country war, which got the name of Eighty Years War or Dutch Revolt (1566 - 1648).The research facility development was going by William of Orange. It ought to be referenced that the battle against Spanish enslavers pushed forw ard the expansion of national hesitance. Precisely this timeframe is associated with happening to Dutch country and language.

Animal Farm Equality

The epic being talked about is called â€Å"Animal Farm† by George Orwell. He is an English author, writer, columnist and pundit. His work is notable around the globe for his, consciousness of Social Injustice, resistance to Totalitarianism, and his duty to Democratic Socialism. The book â€Å"Animal Farm† mirrors the occasions that happen, all things considered, which paves the way to the Russian Revolution of 1917. This tale is about creatures tossing over the people and controlling themselves. Napoleon and Boxer are genuine instances of a Leader and Follower.Napoleon is a manipulative and force Hungry pioneer who removes the animal’s rights while his devotee Boxer is dedicated and a genuine adherent of his pioneer yet toward the end his valuable life is lost from workaholic behavior. The pioneer picked to be talked about is Napoleon and as per the novel Napoleon is working admirably however his manipulative ways is devastating the uniformity in the Animal Farm . He raised Jesse and Bluebells young doggies into horrendous assault hounds which will assist him with keeping control over different animals in the farm.An case of crushing the balance in the homestead is the point at which he exchanges with the people when it unmistakably said in the decrees that no animal will ever exchange with any human. Moreover, as per Orwell another Commandment said that â€Å"No creature will execute another animal† (Page 17), yet Napoleon changed that to â€Å"No creature will murder another creature with no reason. † These progressions that he makes to the Commandments unmistakably demonstrate that Napoleon is taking the creatures equity rights away. The adherent picked to be talked about is Boxer and as indicated by the novel Boxer is the animal that works the hardest in the farm.His aphorism is â€Å"I will work harder,† and he is the animal that contributes the most to all the accomplishment of the homestead. He does never for eve n a second understand that he is being denied of his uniformity by Napoleon since he generally accepts that Napoleon is their pioneer and that he will never not be right. Towards the finish of the novel his lungs give in from buckling down and the various creatures observe weakly as he is sent to his demise. Fighter never understands that his opportunity is being removed and his convictions impact every other person that Boxer is correct and they never understand the truth.In end, the force covetous pioneer Napoleon despite everything rules the Animal homestead with progressively modified rules which remove the animal’s opportunity and equity rights. As indicated by the novel Boxer’s honest soul is up in paradise and the Animal Farm is very far and away more terrible condition than it was when Mr. Jones was their lord. Napoleon and his supposed authorities picked up such a great amount of control over the working creatures that they began to abuse it and the reason to oust the people and rule themselves truly is to no end in light of the fact that there is one pioneer who governed over everybody and took their opportunity from them.

How Long Does Lortab Stay in Your System

How Long Does Lortab Stay in Your System Addiction Drug Use Opioids Print How Long Does Lortab Stay in Your System? Lortab in Your Blood, Urine, Hair, Saliva By Buddy T facebook twitter Buddy T is an anonymous writer and founding member of the Online Al-Anon Outreach Committee with decades of experience writing about alcoholism. Learn about our editorial policy Buddy T Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on January 23, 2020 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on February 10, 2020 Mladen Zivkovic/ Getty Images More in Addiction Drug Use Opioids Cocaine Heroin Marijuana Meth Ecstasy/MDMA Hallucinogens Prescription Medications Alcohol Use Addictive Behaviors Nicotine Use Coping and Recovery In This Article Table of Contents Expand How Long Does It Take to Feel Effects? How Long Does Lortab Last? Factors That Affect Detection Time How to Get Lortab Out of Your System Symptoms of Overdose Getting Help View All Back To Top Lortab is a combination drug prescribed to relieve moderate to severe pain. It combines the opiate hydrocodone with acetaminophen (Lortab) or with aspirin (Lortab ASA). Similar hydrocodone-acetaminophen combination products include Anexsia, Anolor DH, Lorcet, Norco, Vicodin, and Zydone. The main difference between these medications is the amounts of hydrocodone and acetaminophen contained in one dose. Drugs that contain hydrocodone like Lortab are classified as Schedule II drugs, meaning they are considered to have a high potential for misuse, with use potentially leading to severe psychological or physical dependence. While this medication is in your system, you are at risk for drug interactions and overdoses. Knowing how long Lortab is present in the body can help you understand and avoid these risks. How Long Does Lortab Stay in Your System? Blood: Up to 24 hoursUrine: Up to three daysSaliva: Up to three daysHair: Up to 90 days Hydrocodone/Acetaminophen for Treating Pain How Long Does It Take to Feel Effects? Lortab is taken as an oral tablet, so the drug must first pass through the digestive system before it takes effect. The acetaminophen component of Lortab is absorbed rapidly from the gastrointestinal tract and start having pain-relieving effects within 30 minutes. The hydrocodone in Lortab acts more slowly, but usually begins working within 30 to 60 minutes of ingestion. The package insert for Lortab suggests that following a 10mg oral dose, the hydrocodone component reaches peak blood concentration levels 1.3 hours after ingestion.?? The pain-relieving effects usually last between four and six hours. How Long Does Lortab Last? Determining exactly how long Lortab is active or detectable in the body depends on many variables.  The acetaminophen in Lortab has a half-life in the blood of about one and a quarter to three hours. This is the time in which half of it is no longer acting in your system. The exact half-life can vary depending on a number of factors, including how well your liver functions. Hydrocodone is processed by the liver and broken down into metabolites including hydromorphone and norhydrocodone. Approximately 85% of a single dose is eliminated through urine within 24 hours.?? Hydrocodone has a half-life of about four hours; it takes five to six half-lives to eliminate most of the drug from your system. That said, hydrocodone can be detected in the urine for up to three days. If you take a urine drug screen while you are taking Lortab, it is likely to test positive for opiates. Be sure to disclose your medications to the testing laboratory so they can interpret your test accurately. Urine Lortab will show up on the standard drug screenings that are commonly administered in employment, forensic, and medical settings. It is detectable by urine tests for up to three days after last use, although individual detection windows can vary depending on factors including metabolism and frequency of use. Blood Blood tests are used less frequently than urine screenings. While the detection windows are much shorter, blood tests may be used in some cases to help confirm an unexpected positive result on a urine test. Blood tests can usually only detect the presence of hydrocodone for up to 24 hours after the last dose. Saliva Hydrocodone is detectable in oral fluid for up to three days after the last dose of Lortab.  Like urine tests, saliva tests are fairly non-invasive and inexpensive to administer. However, Lortab can also cause side effects such as dry mouth, which can impact the ability to collect an adequate sample. Hair As with other substances, the hydrocodone component of Lortab is detectable through a hair follicle test for as long as 90 days. Hair tests are not normally part of a standard drug screen but may be used in some cases to evaluate past drug use. False Positive Testing While a useful, simple, and inexpensive tool, immunoassay urine drug screens can return false-positive results. Quinolone antibiotics such as levofloxacin and ofloxacin can cause a false-positive opiate screening.?? The consumption of poppy seeds can cause a false positive test result for opiates. While only present in trace amounts, poppy seeds do contain enough codeine and morphine to show up on enzyme immunoassay (EIA) tests that are often used in workplace and medical drug screenings.?? Certain medications, including allergy drugs containing diphenhydramine and doxylamine, can also produce false positives for opiates. Tell the testing lab about any medications that you are currently taking or if you have consumed poppy seeds in any form so that they are able to accurately interpret your test results. Factors That Affect Detection Time It is important to remember that the above detection windows are just estimates. There are a number of different variables that can influence how long Lortab will remain in your system. Age The prescribing information for Lortab suggests that there is not enough research on whether the drug affects the elderly differently.?? However, since the drug is excreted primarily by the kidneys and because older adults are more likely to have decreased renal function, this may mean that the drug stays in an older persons system for a longer period of time.   Metabolism Overall metabolism plays a critical role in determining how long a substance remains in the body. People with faster metabolisms tend to process substances more quickly, while those with slower metabolisms may have slower clearance rates. Fluid Intake Because Lortab is excreted primarily by the kidneys, the amount of fluid you take in can impact how quickly the drug is flushed out of your body. It can also impact how detectable substances are by diluting the amount that is in your urine. Liver and Kidney Function Hydrocodone and acetaminophen are both processed by the liver and excreted by the kidneys, so decreased hepatic or renal function can extend how long these substances remain in your system. Dosage and Duration of Use The amount of Lortab you are taking and how long you have been taking it also plays a major role in how long it can be detected in your body. It takes longer for higher doses to clear your system. If you have been taking Lortab for a while, it may build up in the tissues of your body, making it detectable for a longer period of time. Other Medications and Substances Alcohol and other substances can interact with hydrocodone and acetaminophen in Lortab and extend the detection time of these substances. Because your body may be trying to process multiple substances at the same time, it can slow down your bodys ability to effectively metabolize and excrete each substance. In particular, drugs that affect the pathway cytochrome P450 3A (CYP3A) make it more difficult for your body to process and clear hydrocodone.?? How to Get Lortab Out of Your System There are some reasons why you might want to get Lortab out of your system more quickly, such as if you are planning to switch to different medications or taking another medication containing acetaminophen or hydrocodone. Making sure that you are well hydrated, eating a healthy diet, and getting regular exercise may help improve your bodys ability to metabolize and eliminate your medications more efficiently.   The first step to eliminating Lortab from your system is to stop taking it, but you should always talk to your doctor before you take this step.   Symptoms of Overdose One reason that it is important to know how long Lortab remains in the system is its potential to interact with other drugs. If the pain-killing effects of Lortab wear off, but the drug is still in the system, an overdose is possible if you take more of the drug or another drug containing the same ingredients too soon. The following are some of the symptoms that can occur with a Lortab overdose: Difficulty breathingSlowed or stopped breathingExcessive sleepinessSpasms of the stomach or intestinal tractDizzinessFaintingLimp or weak musclesLiver failureNarrowing or widening of the pupilsCold, clammy skinSeizuresSlow or stopped heartbeatStomach and intestinal spasmsBlue color of skin, fingernails, lipsLoss of consciousness or coma If You Suspect an Overdose Seek immediate medical help. Do not make the person vomit unless specifically told to do so by poison control (1-800-222-1222), a health care professional, or 911.It would be helpful to provide the following information if you can. Dont delay in calling for help to gather it, however:The persons age, weight, and health condition(s)Name of the product taken (ingredients and strength, if known)The time it was swallowedAmount swallowedIf the medication was prescribed for the patient Understanding Opioid Overdoses Overdose Treatment If someone experiencing a suspected Lortab overdose is taken to the emergency room, their vital signsâ€"including temperature, pulse, breathing rate, and blood pressureâ€"will be monitored closely and their symptoms treated as appropriate. How well the overdose victim recovers will depend on how much of the drug they took and how quickly treatment was administered. The sooner they receive medical help, the better the prognosis. The prompt administration of the opioid-blocking drug naloxone (Narcan) can often reverse the overdose symptoms quite dramatically. How to Help Someone If They Overdose on Opioids Risk of Drug Interactions Taking Lortab carries the risk of dangerous interactions with a number of different substances including alcohol and other prescription and over-the-counter (OTC) drugs. You must not drink alcohol, take any medication containing alcohol, or use street drugs while you are taking Lortab or you risk life-threatening reactions. You should carefully review the list of the non-prescription and prescription drugs that you take (preferably with your doctor or pharmacist) to look for acetaminophen or paracetamol on the label. Interactions With Hydrocodone Some medications can interact with the hydrocodone in Lortab to produce breathing problems, sedation, or coma. You should avoid benzodiazepines, including Xanax (alprazolam), Librium (chlordiazepoxide), Klonopin (clonazepam), Diastat (diazepam), Valium (diazepam), Ativan (lorazepam), Restoril (temazepam), Halcion (triazolam), and others. Muscle relaxants, sedatives, sleeping pills, tranquilizers, and medicines for mental illness or nausea are also some of the drugs that interact with hydrocodone. Interactions With Other Acetaminophen-Containing Drugs While acetaminophen is found in over-the-counter products like Tylenol and some OTC cold and flu preparations, it has a narrow safety range. If you take more than 4000 milligrams in a day, you risk irreversible liver damage and even death. Often, people who have experienced this type of liver injury report that they didnt realize how much acetaminophen they were getting in aggregate from a variety of over-the-counter and prescription drugs. Combination drugs like Lortab are now limited to no more than 325mg of acetaminophen per tablet, capsule, or dosage unit to help prevent a dangerous overdose, but you should still take care to avoid any other medications containing acetaminophen while taking Lortab. Getting Help Taking Lortab can lead to physical dependence, even if you take your medication as directed. When your body becomes dependent on a drug, you need to continue taking it in order to avoid experiencing unpleasant withdrawal symptoms. Always talk to your doctor if you want to decrease your dose or stop taking Lortab. Symptoms of opioid withdrawal can include: Runny noseMuscle achesFatigueChillsSweatingVomitingDiarrhea These symptoms can feel like having the flu and usually lasts for about five to seven days. When stopping Lortab, your doctor may want to gradually reduce your dose, a process known as tapering, in order to minimize these symptoms.   If you think you may be dependent or addicted to Lortab or other opioid medications,  talk to your doctor about your treatment options. Your doctor can help you stop taking your medication safely, manage your withdrawal symptoms, and find other pain relief options. Inpatient and outpatient services are also available that can help support your long-term recovery. If you need help finding treatment services in your area, reach out to the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) at 1-800-662-4357 or try their online treatment locator. Treatment for Opioid Addiction

California s Implementation Of Children s Health...

The state of California is active in the payment and delivery system reform. Of the 38 million residents in California, more than 15 million receive care through delegated arrangements with provider organizations in the commercial market, or through Medi-Cal (California’s Medicaid program), Healthy Families (California’s implementation of Children’s Health Insurance Program (CHIP)), and Medicare Advantage plans (California Health Care Almanac, 2015). For the past decade, California’s reimbursement has been through shared risk pool, pay-for-performance quality incentive programs, and full and partial capitation (Pegany Connolly, 2014). Pegany Connolly (2014) state that under the Accountable Care Collaborative (ACO) programs, providers and hospitals don’t want assume additional risk, and reward does not outweigh the risk and investments costs. To increase the potential and impact of ACA reform, California policymakers should take advantage of the ACA delivery and payment reforms, and do so will require careful attention. The Medicaid health home state The Medicaid health home state plan option looks promising for the state of California. This expands beyond the traditional medical homes model, that in many states, have developed in their Medicaid programs. It offers home health services to eligible individual with chronic conditions, with flexibility in selecting home providers (Medicaid.gov, n.d.). States participating in this option must require that hospitals whoShow MoreRelatedThe Problem Of Tobacco Cessation And Its Effects On Health And Well Being Of The Community Essay1233 Words   |  5 Pagesproposed multiple solutions to reach this goal. This program aims at redesigning the Medicaid system through domains that introduce new facets that build off of new or old projects. 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Data Collection and its Importance AsRead MoreThe Impact Of Medicaid Expansion On Pregnant Mothers And Their Newborn Children1700 Words   |  7 Pagespregnant mothers and their newborn children. Issues explored were the history Medicaid, current perceptions regarding the program and its recipients, the benefits of Medicaid and the reasons that some states have chosen to opt out of the expansion. The methodology used for this study was to research peer reviewed articles and journals to determine the positive and negative effects of Medicaid expansion and compare data from states that have implemented program expansion to those states that haveRead MoreIs Family Paid Leave?1533 Words   |  7 Pagesonly after the â€Å"no fault† divorce implementation by California in 1969 and its subsequent adoption by other states in 1970 that divorce rates increased to 3.5 per thousand over the subsequent nine years. Divorce rates peaked at 5.3 per thousand with the average declining to 4.0 in 2000 and dropping as low as 3.2 in 2014. Sociologists have estimated that if we as a country had not adopted the â€Å"no fault† divorce of the seventies; there would be 750,000 less children retained, a 1.2 million decline inRead MoreShould Illegal Immigrants Have Access to Health Care?2988 Words   |  12 Pagesfunded healthcare services in the United States, cause a financial drain not only on the healthcare system but also the national economy. For example, FAIR (Federation for American Immigration) estimates that the cost of reimbursed medical care in California in 2004 was about $1.4 billion and $.85 billion in Texas, with one of the frequent costs to U.S. taxpayers being the delivery of babies to illegal alien mothers. 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Liberalism And The Ethical And Logical Level Essay

One of the fundamental contradictions and issues in Liberalism is the question of the power and neutrality of the state. Liberal neutrality can be understood as the idea that a neoliberal state should not promote any specific concept of perfectionism, social utopia or the ‘’good’’. This is concept is often used in critiques of multiculturalism and collective rights movements. We will be discussing the theories of some liberal authors such as John Rawls, Locke, Mill, Nozick, and Waldron among others whose philosophies clash on the ethical and logical level. We will discuss the following proposal; ‘’the government can no more act†¦ to advance human excellence, or the values of perfection†¦ than it can to advance Catholicism or Protestantism, or any other religion’ (John Rawls). We will then attempt to answer the following questions; why do so many liberals think the state must be ‘neutral’ and what do they mean by it? And why do some liberals disagree? By the conclusion of this essay we aim to have discussed the different liberal stances on state neutrality, such as in classical liberalism or libertarianism. As well as having presented the social domains where state neutrality is proposed among other things. In a first part, discuss various social contract and human nature theories in liberal discourse, paying specific attention to the differences in principles of theory. In a second part, we will argue in favour of the rejection of the notion of state neutrality within theShow MoreRelated Capital Punishment and Societys Views Essay849 Words   |  4 Pageshe has no facts to back anything up. In many essays, diction helps determine the quality of a piece. However, in this case, the big, â€Å"fancy† words make it harder to follow. Mencken sounds condescending, as if to say the reader isn’t on the same level as he is. 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Postmodern Consumerism and the Construction of Self Essay...

1. Introduction The words of proverbial wisdom indicate that â€Å"home is where the heart is.† But is this statement as true today as it was fifty, one hundred, or even one hundred fifty years ago? This statement might not be so true anymore. Nowadays, we travel so much and â€Å"leave our heart† in many places, as we make friends and create great memories everywhere we go. This led me to ask the question of what actually is a home in the modern society, particularly in the specific case of transnationally mobile students. In exploring this idea I focus on their consumption choices and their importance to building or preserving identity. As Todd (2012:48) reinforces in her article suggestively entitled â€Å"You Are What You Buy: Postmodern Consumerism†¦show more content†¦Being away from my home, I came to the realization that this particular topic has a lot of potential. Not only students are transiting from their homes, but along with their departures, they are assuming an overall transition. Leaving behind their culture, familiar places and loved ones, students might feel that their identity is also changing, transforming. As I started to read more and more about this topic and other similar studies (Sixsmith, 1986; Cuba and Hummon, 1993; Hanssen and Danielsen, 2004; Hauge and Kolstad, 2007; Woodward, 2011; Lincoln, 2012; McCarthy et al., 2013), I realized the need for more exploration in this field, especially with a focus on young people. Therefore, my thesis’ first chapter will focus on some of the theoretical perspectives related to â€Å"Consumerism† and â€Å"Identity.† After that, another section will develop on the concept of â€Å"Home† and its various meanings. The importance of objects will be pointed out and linked within these sections. The next chapter, Methodology, will present my â€Å"Philosophical Considerations†, along with my choice of methods. I think we live in times where images have a great impact so I decided use this to my advantage, by using participatory visual methods, such as auto-photography and photo elicitation. The Analysis chapter will be structured in three parts: an introduction, followed by a section with a focus on my research participants andShow MoreRelatedDifferences and Similarities between Postmodernism and Modernism863 Words   |  3 Pagestraditional forms of literature, religion, social organization, and most of all, art and architecture, had become outdated in the new social, political, and economic environment of a fully industrialised world. One of the main characteristics of Modernism is self-consciousness, which typically caused exstensive experimentations of form and function. The creative process of generating work was also explored, forming new techniques in design. 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Shed Light On The Ethical Dimension Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Shed Light On The Ethical Dimension. Answer: Introduction Common-based peer production can be described as a socio-economic system of production that is appearing under the environment that is networked digitally. The hallmark of the socio-economic system enabled by the technical uses of internet can be seen as an alliance among the large corporations that are at times range from the order of hundreds to thousands; who work together effectively to share knowledge, information and cultural goods without depending on the managerial hierarchy or on the market pricing in order to coordinate their shared enterprise. It is seen that there are presence of various reasons to understand the unique production system that that has made some effective software, unique technologies for the betterment of the system (Levitt 2017). The purpose of this essay is to shed light on the ethical dimension rather than focusing on the functional dimension. It is seen that Deliverwoo and Uber are two such platform based peer production system and in recent times the platform economies are growing significantly. Discussion Deliveroo is a business organization that has been seen to get accusations regarding unethical actions and the management of the business organization stated that the delivery boys of the institution should be seen as independent workers as they should be treated as self-employed individuals as they get paid in a commission basis. The business model of Deliveroo is a platform based peer production that is similar to the business operation of Uber. The management of Deliveroo and Uber pays thousands of people on a commission basis for Delivering products or driving for the clients and thus they tried to avoid the allegations. It is a matter of fact that the provided guidance to the organization Deliveroo made their own employes getting confused regarding the roles and responsibility of the riders who are responsible to deliver the goods to the clients of the company. These guidelines were given to the organization in order to check and satisfy the dos and the donts of the business org anization. These are clearly unethical actions taken by the management to save the brand-value of the company and as a result of these, the image of the company got lowered and the reputation of the organization got ruined (Levitt 2017). The business organization had also got accusations regarding poor working environment and hostile actions of the male employees on the female employees. Facing this immensely significant challenge the HR department did not take a proper action. However when the news became public, the management of the organization arranged an investigation and took actions against 20 employees who were accused of disrupting the working ambience of the business organization (The Conversation, 2018). In a press meet the management of Uber disclosed the identities of the employees who were terminated by the management in order to cleanse the image of the brand. The management initially thought that by improving the public relation they will be able to get away with the allegation s they have received in recent times (Constantiou, Marton and Tuunainen 2017). Apart from these there are several accusations against the organization regarding the drivers behavioral issues towards the clients of the organization. The management of Uber needs to be aware of the fact that the management needs to spend a fortune to improve the situation and to improve the safety features for both the clients and the drivers working under the organization to improve the situation. In this case it is seen that there is a strong resemblance in the way of expansion of the businesses of Amazon and Uber as they both earned their dominance in the market by rapid investing and providing service at a significantly cheap rate than the other competitors of the market (Graham and Woodcock 2018). It is a matter of fact that the business operations of Uber does not involve the above mentioned costs and rather introduced some new establishment costs in the relatively new market of the organizations operation (The Conversation, 2018). It is seen that Ubers rate of development in the previous financial year was nearing 12 million US dollars that has been raised from various types of investors be it individuals or the institutions lie banks. It can be said that the payment structure for the riders should be in a form of the digital invoice rather than the pay slips. This list that contains dos and the donts are already provided to the employees of the organization and can certainly claim to initiate legal actions against the organization of the distinction between the riders and the employees who are directly under the payroll of the company is not cleared (Butler, 2018). The permanent employees in this case certainly can demand more employment rights and various benefits that may include minimum wage and holidays, sick leaves with full payment and many others. It has been seen that approximately 20 riders filed complaints against the organizations that the organizations does not consider them as the employees of the organizations and on the other hand the management of the organization placed their view stating that those individuals were only commission based self-employed people (Constantiou, Marton and Tuunainen 2017 ). It has been seen that at a time almost 200 riders of Deliveroo protested to get the status of employees of the organization as it is compulsory for them to wear uniforms during their shift and gets fixed rate for delivering the products. These are the gray areas of unethical actions taken by the managements of organizations like Uber and Deliveroo. It is to be mentioned that the operations of the companies based on the platform based peer production system like Uber and Deliveroo can be analyzed by the application of the principles of several ethical theories. Ethical theories provide guidance about making ethically correct decisions and also aim to analyze whether the operations of individuals or companies alike are in line with ethical principles. The theory of Utilitarianism states that while taking an ethical decision, it has to be kept in mind that the consequences of such decision must produce the greatest benefit for the greatest number of people (Lazari-Radek and Singer 2017). The theory of Utilitarianism also states that the actions of individuals and organizations must ensure to maximize the god over the bad. Utilitarianism considers the best decision to be the one which yields the greatest net benefit. It is to be stated that while assessing the benefits the stake holders are to be taken into consideration. To calculate the Utility the consequences of each of the individuals acts are to be taken into consideration and the ultimately the summation of the consequences are to be considered (Barrow 2015). In case of the company Uber the primary stake holders are the drivers and the customers who are the most essential elements of their business. However, Ubers decision to ignore the needs of the drivers and providing safety to the customers in order to avoid the costs to be incurred in the process can be considered unethical. The business model of Uber only focuses on the growth of the company and emerging in new markets however such business model does not have any scope for allocating funds to ensure that the ethical standards of business is met as the company has been facing huge losses (Lownsbrough 2018). Recently Uber has been charged with the claims of sexual harassments from employees and customers alike which provide evidence that the companys policy does not comply with ethical standards. The company Deliveroo has also been posed with claims of couriers. The company Deliveroo does not acknowledge the couriers who are instrumental to the success of the company as employees of the company. The company Deliveroo has claimed the couriers, who make deliveries and takeaways as independent contractors to avoid providing th em with employment benefits like holiday pay, leaves. Thus it can be stated that actions of the company are not in line with the principles of Utilitarianism as the operations of the company have failed to provide maximum benefits for the stakeholders (Mulgan 2014). Another Ethical theory that can be applied to assess the operations of the companies is the theory of virtue ethics. It is to be mentioned that the theory of virtue ethics is considered to be the one of the three major approaches of normative ethics. It primarily focuses on the moral character and virtues as opposed to other approaches that focus on duties, roles and consequences of actions of individuals and organizations alike (Van Hooft 2014). Just like consequentialists primarily attend to consequences and deontologists attend to duties proponents of virtue ethics attend to virtues and moral values. According to this theory, it can be stated that virtue can be considered to be a trait of a persons character which is very well entrenched in the possessor and cannot be acquired over time (Annas 2015). Thus by the application of the theory of virtue ethics it can be stated that Ubers action of not adhering to the needs of the drivers and the safety of the passengers can be considere d to be in violation of the principles of the theory of virtue ethics. The business model of Uber only focuses on the growth and development of the company in new markets and ignores the need for complying with the social standards due to improper allocation of resources and funds. The act of gender discrimination in the workplace and the claims of sexual harassments of the customers provide evidence about the unethical practices in the aforementioned companies. The act of not recognizing the couriers as the employees of the company Deliveroo is also against the principles of the ethical theory of virtue ethics. It can be stated according to this theory that the couriers are persons who make the food deliveries and are the ones who are instrumental in the success of the company and not recognizing them as employees for the purpose avoiding paying them employment benefits. This is against the principles of virtue ethics. It is unethical to treat the couriers as individual contractors who have to wear uniforms during the work shift, are paid a fixed wage rate. The movements of the couriers are also tracked by the company and are subjected to performance review. Therefore it can be said that the couriers of the company perform all the functions of employees but are recognized as independent contractor. Deontology theories are a series of ethical theories that primarily focus on the duties of the individuals to evaluate actions as right or wrong (Letwin et al. 2016). The theories of deontology do not consider the consequences of the actions of individuals as opposed to the theories of consequencialism. It is to be mentioned that the moral status of an act is not to be judged by the consequences of the act but rather the intentions of the agent who is performing the act. According to the theories of deontology it can be stated that morality of an individual involves the respect for the rights of individuals by the performance of their corresponding duties (Bowen and Prescott2015). The operations of Uber can be considered to be unethical judging by the principles of the theories of deontology. Ubers business plan cannot afford to allocate funds for providing safety to customers and rights to the drivers. It is the duty of the company to comply with the ethical standards however; the companys business plan primarily focuses on the growth of the company in new markets. The company Deliveroo also has the responsibility to the couriers to acknowledge them as employees as the company benefits from them. However Deliveroo addresses them as merely self employed contractors so as to avoid paying them the minimum wage rate as prescribed by the government and other employment benefits. Conclusion Thus it can be said that It is seen that there are numerous issues that hails from the ways of business operations of organizations like Deliveroo and Uber; and those issues are especially regarding the actions of the organizations like whether those are ethical or not. The business operation of Uber is backed up by the immense ambition of the management of the organization. Recently it has been experienced various times that the organizations got involved in various scandals that include sexual harassments and efforts to suppressing the evidences of such crimes. These are clearly unethical actions taken by the management to save the brand-value of the company and as a result of these, the image of the company got lowered and the reputation of the organization got ruined. Further by the application of the three ethical theories it can be stated that the operations of the businesses are clearly unethical. Bibliography Annas, J., 2015. Applying virtue to ethics.Journal of Applied Philosophy,32(1), pp.1-14. Barrow, R., 2015.Utilitarianism: A contemporary statement. Routledge. Bowen, S.A. and Prescott, P., 2015. Kants contribution to the ethics of communication.Ethical Space: The International Journal of Communication Ethics,12, pp.38-44. Butler, S. (2018).Deliveroo accused of 'creating vocabulary' to avoid calling couriers employees. [online] the Guardian. Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/business/2017/apr/05/deliveroo-couriers-employees-managers [Accessed 27 Feb. 2018]. Constantiou, I., Marton, A. and Tuunainen, V.K., 2017. Four Models of Sharing Economy Platforms.MIS Quarterly Executive,16(4). de Lazari-Radek, K. and Singer, P., 2017.Utilitarianism: A Very Short Introduction. Oxford University Press. Graham, M. and Woodcock, J., 2018. Towards a fairer platform economy: introducing the Fairwork Foundation. Letwin, C., Wo, D., Folger, R., Rice, D., Taylor, R., Richard, B. and Taylor, S., 2016. The right and the good in ethical leadership: Implications for supervisors performance and promotability evaluations.Journal of Business Ethics,137(4), pp.743-755. Levitt, T., 2017.The Company Citizen: Good for Business, Planet, Nation and Community. Routledge. Lownsbrough, H. (2018).Ubers practices are morally unacceptable but a boycott wont help | Hannah Lownsbrough.the Guardian. Retrieved 27 February 2018, from https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2017/jul/13/uber-practices-company-london-consumer-sumofus Mulgan, T., 2014.Understanding utilitarianism. Routledge. Solon, O. (2018).Uber fires more than 20 employees after sexual harassment investigation.the Guardian. Retrieved 27 February 2018, from https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2017/jun/06/uber-fires-employees-sexual-harassment-investigation Stanoevska-Slabeva, K., Lenz-Kesekamp, V. and Suter, V., 2017. Platforms and the Sharing Economy: An Analysis EU H2020 Research Project Ps2Share: Participation, Privacy, and Power in the Sharing Economy, 2017. The Conversation. (2018).Uber can't be ethical its business model won't allow it. [online] Available at: https://theconversation.com/uber-cant-be-ethical-its-business-model-wont-allow-it-85015 [Accessed 27 Feb. 2018]. Van Hooft, S., 2014.Understanding virtue ethics. Routledge.

Introduction Essays (1794 words) - Ty Cobb, Cobb, Bill Armour

Introduction: Ty Cobb was the greatest baseball player that has ever lived, he also was the most influential on other baseball players. Who was Ty Cobb and what was his impact throughout the 20's? I propose to show his importance to baseball by giving examples of his determination to get to where he got to as a baseball player. Through the lessons and morals of hard work that his father had taught Ty as a boy, he was able to become a great hard-working baseball player. Although his personal life may not have been good at all, the way he played baseball earned himself a 24 season playing career in the American league, a batting record for runs scored of 2,245, runs batted in of 1,937, a record of 892 stolen bases, and his record of a batting average of .366 has still not been beaten. His record of 96 stolen bases in one season in 1915 was not beaten until 1962. Most people say Ty Cobb was a jerk, which is partially true, I even agree somewhat, but there was a soft side to Ty, "I was called a radical, a despot, a bad loser, a dirty player, and worse. Some of these words still hurt." (Cobb, 280) However, no one can deny his ability to play baseball. He took it one step further than anyone else did at that time. He showed that it was not a sport for people who were not rough, or did not want to be hit, or that there was any chance to be hurt somehow. He saw baseball as a great game of intelligence and athleticism. When I played baseball I didn't play for fun. To me it wasn't Parcheesi played under parchesi rules. Baseball is a red-blooded sport for red-blooded men. It's no pink tea, and mollycoddles had better stay out. It's a contest and everything implies, a struggle for supremacy, a survival of the fittest. Every man in the game from the minors on up, is not only fighting against the other side, but he's trying to hold onto his own job against those on his own bench who'd love to take it away. Why deny this? Why minimize it? Why not boldly admit it? (Cobb, 280) Body: Tyrus Raymond Cobb was born on December 18, 1886 in Royston, Georgia to a fifteen-year-old mother named Amanda Chitwood. Ty's father, William Herschel Cobb, was 23. They were married in 1883. William bought a 100-acre farm to supplement what he got for teaching school. This is where Ty grew up and where his father taught him the values of hard work and intensity. When Ty's father saw that Ty was good at farming and did not mind working, the two grew closer. Baseball was played very different then, from the way it is played now. "It was as gentlemanly as a kick in the crotch" (Cobb, 42) Ty spent a lot of his time playing baseball although his father disapproved. He says he started playing because he loved the competition, the battle of muscle and wits. When Ty was younger, he used to wind yarn around a small ball and make himself a baseball, then for the price of a few errands would find a leather maker that would make a cover for the ball. He played cow pasture baseball when he was 11 and 12 but had no ambition to make a career out of playing baseball. "...The new kid in town who owned a hittable ball could overcome social obstacles faster than a boy who didn't." (Cobb, 17) When Ty was not working on the farm with his father, he was playing baseball. William didn't like Ty playing baseball; he thought that Ty would become an alcoholic and a womanizer like the stereotype of baseball Stevenson, 4 players back then. When Ty was 17, he went to his father for permission to go try out for the South Atlantic League team in Augusta. William hesitated, but let Ty go so he could find that he didn't really want to be a baseball player, and would come back to be a doctor, lawyer, or military man. This is what he said to Ty, "You've chosen. So be it, son. Get it

Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) - Definition

Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) - Definition Analysis of Variance, or ANOVA for short, is a statistical test that looks for significant differences between means on a particular measure. For example, say you are interested in studying the education level of athletes in a community, so you survey people on various teams. You start to wonder, however, if the education level is different among the different teams. You could use an ANOVA to determine if the mean education level is different among the softball team versus the rugby team versus the Ultimate Frisbee team. Key Takeaways: Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) Researchers conduct an ANOVA when they are interested in determining whether two groups differ significantly on a particular measure or test.There are four basic types of ANOVA models: one-way between groups, one-way repeated measures, two-way between groups, and two-way repeated measures.Statistical software programs can be used to make conducting an ANOVA easier and more efficient. ANOVA Models There are four types of basic ANOVA models (although it is also possible to conduct more complex ANOVA tests as well). Following are descriptions and examples of each. One-way between groups ANOVA A one-way between groups ANOVA is used when you want to test the difference between two or more groups. The example above, of education level among different sports teams, would be an example of this type of model. It is called a one-way ANOVA because there is only one variable (type of sport played) that is being used to divide participants into different groups. One-way repeated measures ANOVA If you are interested in assessing a single group at more than one time point, you should use a one-way repeated measures ANOVA. For example, if you wanted to test students’ understanding of a subject, you could administer the same test at the beginning of the course, in the middle of the course, and at the end of the course. Conducting a one-way repeated measures ANOVA would allow you to find out whether the students’ test scores changed significantly from the beginning to the end of the course. Two-way between groups ANOVA Imagine now that you have two different ways in which you want to group your participants (or, in statistical terms, you have two different independent variables). For example, imagine you were interested in testing whether test scores differed between student athletes and non-athletes, as well as for freshmen versus seniors. In this case, you would conduct a two-way between groups ANOVA. You would have three effects from this ANOVA- two main effects and an interaction effect. The main effects are the effect of being an athlete and the effect of class year. The interaction effect looks at the impact of both being an athlete and class year. Each of the main effects is a one-way test. The interaction effect is simply asking if the two main effects impact each other: for example, if student athletes scored differently than non-athletes did, but this was only the case when studying freshmen, there would be an interaction between class year and being an athlete. Two-way repeated measures ANOVA If you want to look at how different groups change across time, you can use a two-way repeated measures ANOVA. Imagine you’re interested in looking at how test scores change across time (as in the example above for a one-way repeated measures ANOVA). However, this time you’re also interested in assessing gender as well. For example, do males and females improve their test scores at the same rate, or is there a gender difference? A two-way repeated measures ANOVA can be used to answer these types of questions. Assumptions of ANOVA The following assumptions exist when you perform an analysis of variance: The expected values of the errors are zero.The variances of all errors are equal to each other.The errors are independent from one another.The errors are normally distributed. How an ANOVA is Done The mean is calculated for each of your groups. Using the example of education and sports teams from the introduction in the first paragraph above, the mean education level is calculated for each sports team.The overall mean is then calculated for all of the groups combined.Within each group, the total deviation of each individual’s score from the group mean is calculated. This tells us whether the individuals in the group tend to have similar scores or whether there is a lot of variability between different people in the same group. Statisticians call this within group variation.Next, how much each group mean deviates from the overall mean is calculated. This is called between group variation.Finally, an F statistic is calculated, which is the ratio of between group variation to the within group variation. If there is significantly greater between group variation than within group variation (in other words, when the F statistic is larger), then it is likely that the difference between the groups is statistically significant. Statistical software can be used to calculate the F statistic and determine whether it is significant or not. All types of ANOVA follow the basic principles outlined above. However, as the number of groups and the interaction effects increase, the sources of variation will become more complex. Performing an ANOVA Because conducting an ANOVA by hand is a time-consuming process, most researchers use statistical software programs when they are interested in conducting an ANOVA. SPSS can be used to conduct ANOVAs, as can R, a free software program. In Excel, you can do an ANOVA by using the Data Analysis Add-on. SAS, STATA, Minitab, and other  statistical software programs  that are equipped for handling bigger and more complex data sets can also be used to perform an ANOVA. References Monash University. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). csse.monash.edu.au/~smarkham/resources/anova.htm

Creating quality manual Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Creating quality manual - Essay Example Mcginn Knightsbridge's assurance to quality begins with using the most luxurious European fabric that resists wrinkles and stays in shape at all times. Every product reflects our strong passion for quality and commitment towards excellence. Our commitment to quality and value ensures that the products the customers purchase from Mcginn Kightbridge provide superior performance day-in and day-out. Most of the fabrics are imported, and all fabrics are tested carefully. Especially for the wool pant, Mcginn Kightbridge uses high-twist wool, known for its extra-long fibers spun into a silky finish for an excellent drape. Since Mcginn Kightbridge uses best fabric in the Mcginn Kightbridge use tested fabrics. The testing process is divided into three different sections, like abrasion resistance, strength for "durability" test, absorbency for "comfort" test, and resiliency and pilling resistance for "appearance" test. After these steps, we have testing such as Test method 111, Test method 192 and Test method 107 etc. At Mcginn Kightbridge every test and step that is required to ensure 10% customer satisfaction, is carried out. Mcginn Kightbridge uses computer management system for achieving higher proficiency. Mcginn Kightbridge use different dying systems depending on fabrics, and trims.

Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 198

Assignment Example Then in the very next point, he says that students should practice before studying a grammar rule. In the observed lesson, the teacher was working on improving comprehension skills. She began by distributing comprehension worksheets to the entire class. Then she gave a brief summary of what was expected of the class. She then asked the class to read the entire comprehension. While some were reading the essay, other students had read the essay. She involved those students in a small group discussion while the rest of the students completed reading the comprehension exercise. Later she asked the students to read the questions and answer them. While students were doing this, she observed the entire class for students who were experiencing difficulty. She helped them out. As some students finished early, the teacher began discussing the answers. She even asked students to exchange their work to get a feedback from other student. In this way, the pacing of the lesson was such that every student was involved in the lesson. The teacher ended the lesson by reading the questions aloud and discussing the answers. According to the teacher, she had divided the lecture into four parts. The first part was introducing the lesson, the second part was involving the students into the lesson. The third part was the most important as students completed the learning activity. The final part was closure where the teacher took feedback from her students. Answer: The criteria for determining the success of a learning activity is by assessing the level of comprehension of the students. This can be judged through assessments and feedbacks. The teacher can also determine the success by observing the class which the learning activities is being conducted. If the students are immersed in the activity and are enjoying the activity, then it is most likely to be successful. In my opinion, an effective learning activity should be able to develop an

Causes of the American Civil War

Causes of the American Civil War The United States maintain their position of the world as the strongest, most influential country for many decades. Observing their history closely, we can see that they had gone through many ups and downs, and harsh yet necessary battles within the nation and with other countries. In order to examine the Civil War and reconstruction of the United States, we need to understand the causes of the war, what happened during the war, and the changes that the war had brought. I believe that the Civil War of 1861 played a significant role in building the stronger nation; likewise, I will discuss three major causes of the war which are the slavery, the conflicts between the North and South states, and the Presidential election of 1860 describe how dreadful the war was, and how the slavery, the relationship among the states, and the economic and political situation changed after the war. Moreover, I will present my own views on the Civil war. First, the slavery was one of the greatest causes of the Civil War. The Slavery in all across North America has had existed for 168 years. Eventually, by 1804, most of the Northern states abolished slavery institution, but the invention of cotton gin in 1793 increased the use of slaves in the South and the slavery became very important for the South. Before the Civil War, the tension between the North and the South was invested in Slavery. The North was insisting that America should become free country and need to industrialize the South. On the other hand, the South was opposing the North by being pro-slavery for their agricultural industry. The U.S. Constitution was clearly permitting slavery even though the document did not include the words slaves and slavery. For example, in U.S. Constitution Section 2 of Article IV said held to Service or Labor in one State, under the Laws thereof, escaping into another (Constitution On Slavery). It shows the fugitive slaves must be returned to their owners. Moreover, the Bill of Rights in 1791 did not mention about slavery, yet on the Fifth Amendment, it says Be deprived of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law (Constitution On Slavery). According to the Fifth Amendment, the slaveholders were given an absolute right to take their property with them. Since the slaves were equaled properties, they could take their slaves even to the free Northern states. It developed into negative conflicts between the North and the South. However, America gained huge part of the West from the victory in the War with Mexico, including California, Utah Territory and New Mexico Territory. In Addition, the amount of gold that was discovered in California was huge and it led the Gold Rush in America, which did not last for long. The issue of whether the new states in the West should be opened to slavery or should be free from the slavery brought a big political confusion. The state of California was extremely important for the both powers. The North was asserting completely opposite opinions from that of the South. Since California got so much richer quickly, if the slavery in California got abolished, the South states would significantly lose their political and economic power. In contrast, if the slavery got permitted and protected by the federal government, the South states would be able to gain more power. The South was saying that they would leave the Union if California becomes a free state. Eventually, the issue drove the South to assert their opinion, which was to elect two different presidents between the North and the South The old compromiser Henry Clay addressed the Compromise of 1850 in order to keep the peace between the two different powers. Clay, Calhoun, and Webster proposed that California should be admitted as a free state, and while the slave holding could be legally admitted, the Slave trade should be abolished in Washington D.C. For the South states, they offered stronger fugitive slave act, which was to return the runaway slaves back to their owners by using force. Also, the other new territories in the west such as New Mexico and Utah were opened to slavery (Keesee 265). The Compromise of 1850 was debated for around 8 months and finally passed. The president Taylor disagreed with the Compromise, saying that it could divide the territories and extend slavery. His anticipation turned into reality when the fugitive slave act brought a counter result, awakening people in the North about the slavery issue. Likewise, the Whigs party changed their name as the Republicans. After the Compromise of 1850, another controversy arose when the Kansas-Nebraska Act was proposed. Senator Stephen A. Douglas of Illinois envisioned constructing a transcontinental railroad which connects the East and the West, and the railroad had to go through the unorganized part of the Louisiana Purchase. When the region required an organized government for the construction, many Southerners resisted territorial organization; hence, Douglas sought to win Southern support for his railroad by a clever piece of legislation (Keesee 270), which was the Kansas-Nebraska Act. The Act stated that Kansas and Nebraska states would choose on the status of slavery for themselves, and the Southerners welcomed this idea because they want to expand the slavery. Also, the South and the North both wanted those states in order to gain more power in the House of Representatives. The Kansas-Nebraska Act resulted in two events which eventually destroyed Democratic dominance of American politics: the rise of the Republican Party and a virtual civil war in Kansas (Keesee 270). In an attempt to win the region, proslavery border ruffians from Missouri and antislavery free-staters clashed in Kansas. On May 21, 1856, border ruffians ransacked the town of Lawrence, Kansas, which was known to be a staunch free-state area. (Martin), and the fighting known as Bleeding Kansas had begun. The brutal attack happened in Lawrence triggered another outrageous event. One of the most publicized events that occurred in Kansas was Brooks-Sumner Episode (Keesee 272). In Washington D.C., Senator Charles Sumner of Massachusetts, representing the angry North, made a speech that apparently disdaining and criticizing Andrew Butler, a senator of South Carolina. As a consequence, Preston Brooks, a relative of Butlers, got angry and confronted Sumner. Brooks hit him repeatedly with a cane (Keesee 272) and Sumner got badly injured. This scandalous event worsened the conflicts between the North and the South, and led to a violent solution. Furthermore, the event which finally triggered the Civil War was the Election of 1860. The Presidential Election of 1860 contained four presidential candidates from different parties: Stephan Douglas, John C. Breckinridge, Abraham Lincoln and John Bell. The Northern Democrats nominated Stephan Douglas and the Southern Democrats nominated John C. Breckinridge. John Bell was nominated by the Constitutional Union Party. In the end, Abraham Lincoln who was representing the Republicans got the most votes. When Lincoln got elected as the President of the U.S., the secession began. Leaders in the Deep South had insisted that if Lincoln won, they would not submit themselves to what they considered a hostile, strictly Northern party; likewise they would secede, or leave the Union (Keesee 280). On December 20th of 1860, the first Ordinance of Secession began by South Carolina. South Carolina declared independency by leaving the Union, and other Southern states considered following South Carolinas path. Ultimately, the 10 other states from the South joined South Carolina by 1861, under the name of Confederate States of America [C.S.A]. Jefferson Davis, a Senator from Mississippi was elected as the president of C.S.A. Southern diarist Mary Boykin Chesnut wrote, We are divorced, North and South, because we have hated each other so (South Carolina Secedes). Secondly, as the Union and the Confederates were separated, they began the bloodiest war of the U.S. History. The Union was willing to force the Confederates to rejoin, but the Confederates kept refusing. However, on March 5, 1861, the Fort Sumter in Charlestown Harbor, South Carolina was in need of supplies. Abraham Lincoln was notified by Robert Anderson, the Commander of the Fort, saying that they had less than a six week supply of food left in fort (Fort Sumter). In Addition, the Fort Sumter was located in C.S.A. governed area, so the Confederates wanted the Fort to be evacuated. Consequently, the General P.G.T. Beauregard, the Commander of Charlestown was ordered by Confederate government to clear out the Fort. Anderson announced to Beauregard that the Fort will evacuate by noon on April 15 unless the additional supplies arrive. Beauregard replied that the announcement was unacceptable and stated that their guns will no longer hold fire more than an hour. On April 12th, 1861, the Confederate soldiers began to fire, and even though the Fort did not have enough supplies of food nor guns, they bravely defended over 30 hours. At last, they surrendered and went back to the North. (Fort Sumter) The battle was not slaughter because the soldiers from both sides did not die or seriously injured; however, the Battle of Fort Sumter significantly gave rise to the most slaughter and violent war of U.S. History. The Civil War began with the Battle of Fort Sumter. As the time passed on, the War got more violent and serious. Brothers killed each other and thousands of men died. The War had numerous battles yet the Battle of Gettysburg was the most significant battle of all. Lincoln addressed the Union army to surround the little town of Gettysburg in order to defend the Confederates. On July 1st, 1864, the Battle began. General Robert E. Lee was in charge of the Union army and Maj. Gen. George Gordon Meade was in charge of the Confederate army. On the first day of the battle, Union army was forced to retreat to south of Gettysburg. Moreover, they retreated up to the hills, which gave them an important advantage to possibly win the battle. On the third day, the Union army ruled the battle by successfully defending Confederates sudden attack with 12,500 soldiers. The Confederates were defeated and retreated to Virginia (Borade). Eventually, the Union won the battle by pushing the Confederates back to the South. In fact, both sides had close number of casualties. As a result, 51,000 casualties from both side and 28,000 were Confederates (Kelly). It was the bloodiest battle of all the other battles during the Civil War. Also, it was the climax of the War and a key battle for the Union to conclude the whole War. On April 3, Richmond fell to Union troops as Robert E. Lee led his Army of Northern Virginia in retreat to the West pursued by Grant and the Army of the Potomac. A running battle ensued as each Army moved farther to the West in an effort to oust flank, or prevent being out flanked by the enemy. Finally, on April 7, General Grant initiated a series of dispatches leading to a meeting between the two commanders (Surrender at Appomattox, 1865). According to the text, Lee eventually retreated back to the South and finally gave up on the Civil War. On April 9th, 1865, Lee and Grant met at Appomattox Court House. Grant suggested Lee to surrender and offered a chance to surrender with honor. The Confederate General Robert E. Lee surrendered 26,765 troops of the Army of Northern Virginia with honor (Lee Surrenders to Grant at Appomattox, Ending Civil War). Thirdly, on 1865, the congress passed the 13th Amendment which abolished slavery. The victory of the Union gave them power to free all the blacks across America. The government of U.S. had to reconstruct the whole country. Unfortunately, they faced other difficulties on legislating laws to give full citizen ships to the all freed blacks. Confederate defeat and the end of slavery brought far-reaching changes in the lives of all Southerners. The destruction of slavery led inevitably to conflict between blacks seeking to breathe substantive meaning into their freedom by asserting their independence from white control, and whites seeking to retain as much as possible of the old order. The meaning of freedom itself became a point of conflict in the Reconstruction South. Former slaves relished the opportunity to flaunt their liberation from the innumerable regulations of slavery. Immediately after the Civil War, they sought to give meaning to freedom by reuniting families separated under slavery, establishing their own churches and schools, seeking economic autonomy, and demanding equal civil and political rights (Americas Reconstruction: People and Politics After the Civil War). The slaves got the freedom and privileges that they always dreamed about, but they also faced on the harsh discriminations. The increasing discriminations were the white Southerners response to the end of slavery. The discriminations were getting seriously violence and the Ku Klux Klan appeared in 1866. Schools, churches, and other community institutions, symbols of black freedom, became the targets of violence, as well as private homes and individual African-Americans (Americas Reconstruction: People and Politics After the Civil War). It was not easy for the nation to combine together again when they were separated and had the bloodiest War in the history. During the Reconstruction period, President Andrew Johnsons plan was rejected by the Congress. Eventually, the Reconstruction Acts of 1867 was passes over President Johnsons veto on March 2nd. Johnsons veto of these measures moved many moderates into the radical camp, and inaugurated a bitter conflict over control of Reconstruction policy, which culminated in 1868 when he was nearly removed from office by impeachment (Americas Reconstruction: People and Politics After the Civil War). The 14th Amendment and the 15th Amendment were each ratified on 1868 and 1870 by the Congress. By the end of the Reconstruction, when Souths violent discriminations and terrorisms would not stop, the North retreated from having responsibility of equality. After the War, the North was on the way with industrial revolution. The Civil War resulted differently in the North than in the South. Unexpectedly, their economy apparently benefited from the War. Instead of fighting in battles, they had rebuilding to do. There were new markets for products used by the Union Army. Northern factories were producing more than ever before. Booming factories meant that bankers and investors were making profits. This money supported new inventions and better ways to produce goods. New technologies sprouted from this period of growth. While the Civil War was in progress, Cyrus Fields of Massachusetts developed the first trans-Atlantic telegraph cable. The cable was laid on the ocean floor in 1866. At this same time, Christopher Sholes invented the typewriter. Alexander Bell developed the telephone, testing it successfully in 1876. Thomas Edison was experimenting with the phonograph and the light bulb. Both these inventions were made public in the 1870s as well. During the war, the need for weapons and other metal products had caused a boost in steel production. Raw materials were plentiful. Now, mining and refining of metals became the backbone of Northern industry. (Robinson) Nowadays, people think of America as a country full of freedom. Slavery was a terrible condition and nobody wanted to be under the condition. The Civil War ended and brought freedom to nearly 8 million slaves. It also brought a dramatic transition from slavery to citizen ship. The Civil War was inevitable and necessary since there were the anti-slavery Northerners and the pro-slavery Southerners existed in the same country. Slavery must have been banned because all human beings are created equally and should be treated equally. The United States 16th President Abraham Lincoln said, As I would not be a slave, so I would not be a master. This expresses my idea of democracy (LINCOLNS DEFINITION OF DEMOCRACY As He Would Not Be a Slave, So He Would Not Be a Master. Article NYTimes.com). Lincoln was elected in the year of 1860. He was also the President of the Union side and kept his position during the Civil war. He was legendary and famously known as the Father of the United States of America. People say that Abraham Lincoln blew in freedom to the country by purposing freedom of the slaves. In Conclusion, The Civil War was caused because of the slavery, numerous conflicts between the North and the South and the Secession of 11 States eventually caused by the Election of 1860. I believe that the Civil War of 1861 played a significant role in building the stronger nation because it gave freedom to the country by freeing slaves, the outer conflicts between the North and South states were concluded by Unions victory, and the War affected positively on the Industrial Revolution of the America. By observing the Civil War, we can learn that the War within the nation night be necessary in building stronger and more stable nation. In fact, the United States of America has the strongest position in the world now.

Frankenstein and If Nights Could Talk Essay -- comparison compare cont

Frankenstein and If Nights Could Talk      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Even though most people associate the word "monster" with ghouls, goblins, and other creations of the horror genre, monsters can exist in the more common shape of human beings. People who have suffered sexual abuse, people who suffered neglect as children, and people who have chemical imbalances in their brains have committed worse crimes than Bram Stoker's Dracula ; Adolf Hitler seems more of a monster than Mary Shelley's. However, most people who can behave so horribly towards other humans were not born monsters; rather their experiences and relationships molded their hideous forms. As Shelley's Frankenstein and Marsha Recknagel's memoir If Nights Could Talk demonstrate, the experiences of those who care for these creatures affect their fates as well.    Mary Shelley, or perhaps Victor, neglects to give the monster a name and refers to him as "the monster" or "the daemon" throughout the novel, however he does not truly become a monster until he commits William's murder. The monster had no murderous impulses when first created; Victor simply called him so because of his hideous appearance. While spending his first night alone in the forest, the monster felt "...half frightened, as it were, instinctively, finding myself so desolate...but feeling pain on both sides, I sat down and wept" (Shelley 71). Like a child, though not in the shape of one, the monster helplessly suffered as he tried to find his way in a strange world without a parent to guide him. When he finally finds himself at De Lacey's cottage, the monster shows interest in humanity and a longing to become a part of society. He reads Milton's Paradise Lost, Plutarch's Lives, and Goethe's Sorro... ...ered his family. As nurturers, Marsha and Victor's experiences with being nurtured affect the monster and Jamie, as well as their own experiences with mankind. Perhaps these two stories demonstrate the idea that parents raise their children either exactly the same as they were raised or exactly the opposite. While both choose to raise their monsters in opposite ways from which they had been raised, one monster changes back into a man though the other does not change his shape but perhaps he could not. When Jamie changes his name to Dante, he reasons that both he and Dante went to Hell and came back; but for the monster he cannot come back from his Hell, rather it exists all around him.    Works Cited Shelley, Mary. Frankenstein. Mineola: Dover Publications, 1994. Recknagel, Marsha. If Night Could Talk New York: St. Martin's Press, 2001.   

Emotional Couples Therapy Essay

This is a paper on a video named Emotional Focused Couples Therapy, it is about a couple that is talking to a counseling professional about issues they are having, the biggest one being the husbands anger. Throughout the videos you see how the professional uses the three stages in interviewing to support the couple. She also does a great job on summarizing and paraphrasing what the couple is saying and feeling. The professional uses both open and closed ended questions during the session. There is also a lot of body language happening by everyone involved, some good and some bad. The professional really shows the clients that she is really there for them in her body language and the way she is reflecting their feelings back at them. The couple listens to each other and expands on their feelings with the support of the professional. They also both realize that they want to work things out between them and are willing to keep working at their relationship. Open and Closed Ended Questions In this therapy session the therapist asked many open and closed ended questions to help get the full picture of the client’s relationship. When the therapist was asking these questions she was using verbal and nonverbal cues from the couple, to see how and what she should be asking next. The questions that where asked in this session is: 1. Is it hard to be supportive? 2. Is it had to be close? (Meaning affectionate) 3. Do you withdraw? (From the conversation and the relationship) 4. How do you deal with the message, that you are a are screwed up? (Not ever said he just fees that way.) 5. Are times that you can be close? (Affectionate) 6. Do you think that your wife sees you as a mean and nasty person? 7. Do you feel rejected? 8. Am I getting it? (The therapist states this several times during the session as she is reflecting on their conversation.) 9. Is lonely an ok word to use? (The wife was having a hard time thinking of a word.) 10. Scott do you think that you wife knows how you feel? 11. Do you feel that she does not care in the heat of the moment? 12. Have you ever tried to explain to her how you are feeling? 13. Can you help her understand the feeling of rejection? 14. What is it like to tell her how it makes you feel when you feel rejected? 15. What would be the worst thing that would happen if you told your wife your softer feelings? 16. Would you like to be able to trust your wife and be able to talk about your softer feelings? 17. Would you like him to be able to talk about his softer feelings? 18. Do you let the feelings touch you at all? 19. Do you hear her and find that comforting? (The feelings) 20. What do you think about what he did today? (Opening up during the session.) This professional has a way that when she is reflecting what the clients are saying and expression she is asking them if she is right and they add to the conversation. Above are some of the separate questions that she was asking during the session. There were very few closed ended questions. She would reflect and they would open up even more. The professional summarized and paraphrased what the couple was saying many times during the session to make sure that she understood what they were saying is what she was hearing. The professional was very effective in summarizing and paraphrasing the relationship and the feelings that both parties were talking about and expressing. Verbal and Nonverbal There was verbal and nonverbal communication, actions and skills happening in the session by the couple and the professional. Watching the couple expressional the husband he had his arm and feet crossed and turned away from his wife most of the session. The wife kept going from arms being crossed to out in front of her. She also was turned away from her husband  most of the session. The couple showed in their nonverbal body language that there was a problem and they both where uncomfortable with the situation. When certain question and answers where given the body language changed in the couple. The professional could tell when something was uncomfortable by their body language and she help the couple talk about it more, even though they were not picking up on the nonverbal cues for each other. The professional at the beginning had paper in her lab taking notes, after a while she put it down and leaned forward towards the couple showing them that she was really listening to them and was really involved in what they were saying to her. The professional was able to use verbal and nonverbal skills to help the couple during this session and help them to start to listen to each other. The verbal skills that the professional used where very effectively, she was to be able to summarize their feelings and thought. The nonverbal skills showed the couple that she was supportive and involved in helping them. By sitting up and leaning forward in her chair it was another way for the couple to see she was involved in the conversations. Stages of the Interview There are three stages to an interview, exploration, clarification and action. The exploration stage involves helping the client examine his or her thoughts and feelings. The second stage is exploration helps the clients understand their feeling and their thoughts. The final stage is action, which is where the clients start making the change towards their goals. During this interview, the professional listen to both clients on what they thought was the problem and their feelings. They both agreed that anger was the steam of the troubles that they were having, and them not listening and communicating with each other. When the second stage was introduced the professional was involved more. She helped both parties of the couple to understand and reflect on what they each where saying and helping them truly understand and really listen to each other. The professional also very effectively summarized and paraphrased what they were saying again, so maybe they could hear it said in a different way. By doing this she was able to get even more information from them about more if the true problems they were facing. The third and final stage is action. During this session you see that they are starting to listen to each other  and even open up more. Having the husband talk about his softer feelings and also for him to hear that is wife does not think that he is a monster was a great start to the process. They both also stated that they want to work things out and be together. That statement alone should the professional that they both were committed to the process. Self-disclosure and Reflective Feelings During the interview the professional really worked hard to get the couple to talk about their feelings and express their thoughts. Throughout she was able to get them both to self-disclose and reflect on each other’s feelings. As times this was not an easy thing to so especially for the husband but he did do it. He was not sure about showing his softer side, he thought it made him feel week and like a sissy. The wife disagreed she thought the angry side of him was the sissy side. They both listened to each other’s feeling and acknowledge them and respected them throughout the session, but may not have always agreed with them. This interview was very emotionally charged and at sometimes uncomfortable for the couple. With that said, they both listened and rejected each other. The professional was able to summarize both of their feelings very well, and understand what both of them where saying about the situation. Overall the therapy session was a great starting point by the couple not no were being done with their therapy and situation. Being able to talk about feelings is hard and sometime intimidating, when you are in front of a stranger. The comfort level of the session was ok, they looked uncomfortable, not just because they were there but the chairs and the overall appearance of the room, not very inviting. The structure of the interview flowed very well and the professional was able to keep the conversations moving in the right direction so the session was helpful for the couple. References (2009). Emotionally Focused Couples Therapy [Video file]. Retrieved from Phsycoheapy,bet website: http://ezproxy.apollolibrary.com/login?url=http://vast.alexanderstreet.com/view/1779000.